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What (who) is gallium - definition

CHEMICAL ELEMENT WITH SYMBOL GA AND ATOMIC NUMBER 31

Element 31; Gallium salt; Ga (element); History of gallium

Gallium

·noun A rare metallic element, found in certain zinc ores. It is white, hard, and malleable, resembling aluminium, and remarcable for its low melting point (86/ F., 30/C). Symbol Ga. Atomic weight 69.9.

II. Gallium ·add. ·noun A rare metallic element, found combined in certain zinc ores. It is white, hard, and malleable, resembling aluminium, and remarkable for its low melting point (86° F., 30° C.). Symbol, Ga; at. wt., 69.9. Gallium is chiefly trivalent, resembling aluminium and indium. It was predicted with most of its properties, under the name eka-aluminium, by Mendelyeev on the basis of the periodic law. This prediction was verified in its discovery (in 1875) by its characteristic spectrum (two violet lines).

gallium

['gal??m]

¦ noun the chemical element of atomic number 31, a soft silvery-white metal which melts at about 30°C. (Symbol: Ga)

Origin

C19: mod. L., from L. Gallia 'France' or gallus 'cock'; named by the French chemist Paul-Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran.

Gallium

Gallium is a chemical element with the symbol Ga and atomic number 31. Discovered by French chemist Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1875, Gallium is in group 13 of the periodic table and is similar to the other metals of the group (aluminium, indium, and thallium).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium

Wikipedia

Gallium

Gallium is a chemical element with the symbol Ga and atomic number 31. Discovered by the French chemist Paul-Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in 1875, gallium is in group 13 of the periodic table and is similar to the other metals of the group (aluminium, indium, and thallium).

Elemental gallium is a soft, silvery metal at standard temperature and pressure. In its liquid state, it becomes silvery white. If enough force is applied, solid gallium may fracture conchoidally. Since its discovery in 1875, gallium has widely been used to make alloys with low melting points. It is also used in semiconductors, as a dopant in semiconductor substrates.

The melting point of gallium is used as a temperature reference point. Gallium alloys are used in thermometers as a non-toxic and environmentally friendly alternative to mercury, and can withstand higher temperatures than mercury. An even lower melting point of −19 °C (−2 °F), well below the freezing point of water, is claimed for the alloy galinstan (62–⁠95% gallium, 5–⁠22% indium, and 0–⁠16% tin by weight), but that may be the freezing point with the effect of supercooling.

Gallium does not occur as a free element in nature, but as gallium(III) compounds in trace amounts in zinc ores (such as sphalerite) and in bauxite. Elemental gallium is a liquid at temperatures greater than 29.76 °C (85.57 °F), and will melt in a person's hands at normal human body temperature of 37.0 °C (98.6 °F).

Gallium is predominantly used in electronics. Gallium arsenide, the primary chemical compound of gallium in electronics, is used in microwave circuits, high-speed switching circuits, and infrared circuits. Semiconducting gallium nitride and indium gallium nitride produce blue and violet light-emitting diodes and diode lasers. Gallium is also used in the production of artificial gadolinium gallium garnet for jewelry. Gallium is considered a technology-critical element by the United States National Library of Medicine and Frontiers Media.

Gallium has no known natural role in biology. Gallium(III) behaves in a similar manner to ferric salts in biological systems and has been used in some medical applications, including pharmaceuticals and radiopharmaceuticals.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium

Examples of use of gallium

1. Powering up He noted that Michigan uses gallium arsenide multi–junction photovoltaic cells on their car.

2. Principia and a number of other teams also use the gallium cells.

3. "There‘s not anything that I hold against any other teams that did use gallium cells," he said.

4. The gallium cells can provide almost 50 percent more power than silicon photovoltaic cells, but are nearly twice as expensive.

5. Goosegrass, or gallium aparine Also known as Grip Grass, Catchweed, Cleavers or Bedstraw, is seen by herbalists as one of the best tonics available for the lymphatic system.